According to Ruth Marcus: How many minority students attend the University of Texas at Austin, the system's prestigious flagship campus?
It's an important question. In Sunday's Washington Post, Ruth Marcus answered the question, or seemed to do so, with a brief history lesson:
MARCUS (12/13/15): The university, segregated by law until 1950, has been grappling with this issue for decades. After an earlier affirmative action program was invalidated in 1996, African American enrollment plummeted, from 309 students in 1995 to 190 in 1997, out of a freshman class of 7,085.Marcus' account of the matter ended there, in 2008. In her column, she suggested that this is hardly the time to curtail the university's efforts at increasing black enrollment.
In response, the Texas legislature adopted a program to grant automatic admission to those in the top 10 percent of their high school class, a nominally race-blind approach that ironically relies for its effectiveness on the state's continuing pattern of residential segregation, and consequent clusters of overwhelmingly minority high schools. Even so, the program's impact was debatable; just 3.4 percent of the 2002 freshman class was African American. (The numbers for Hispanics are healthier, reflecting the state's changing population.)
As a result, after a 2003 Supreme Court decision narrowly upholding racial preferences, Texas added a "holistic review" program, eventually endorsed by the legislature and expanded to include 25 percent of the entering class, that took race into account as one factor among many in determining admission. Enrollment of African American students nearly doubled between 2002 and 2008.
Rereading her account this morning, we were struck by the amount of murk it contained. Let's go back and tease out some basic facts.
According to Marcus, black enrollment in 1997 was remarkably small. She seems to say that Texas had just 190 black freshmen that year, out of a total freshman class of 7085.
For the record, that would have been a tiny black enrollment—just 2.7 percent.
According to Marcus, adoption of the "ten percent" program produced an increase in black enrollment, albeit a small one. In 2002, black enrollment in the freshman class was 3.4 percent.
Marcus says the addition of the "holistic review" component produced a larger increase. "Enrollment of African American students nearly doubled between 2002 and 2008," she writes. That would suggest that black freshman enrollment was close to 7 percent by the end of that period.
Marcus ends her history there, in 2008. We decided to see where matters stand today.
You'd almost think that such information would be easy to get. That isn't exactly the case. That said, this official UT fact sheet seems to give these numbers for total enrollment, including graduate students:
Apparent enrollment at UT Austin, fall 2015That's a small black enrollment. It may bump up to 4.5% if we include a group of students who checked two or more races/ethnicities.
White 45.1%
Black 3.9%
Hispanic 19.5%
Asian-American 17.2%
Foreign students 9.7%
We'd call that a small black enrollment. Exuding green eyeshade, a second document seems to list this breakdown in total enrollment for the fall of 2014:
Apparent enrollment at UT Austin, fall 2014A third official document seems to put black enrollment in the freshman class at 4%. Except it isn't clear what year the document is discussing, and it isn't entirely clear that the document is discussing the freshman class.
White 46.9%
African-American 4.4%
Hispanic 19.9%
Asian-American 17.3%
International 7.8%
(You think you live in the information age. Then, you try to look something up, especially from a bureaucratic source. Or you read a major newspaper column.)
Anyway you slice it, UT Austin seems to have a rather small black enrollment. For a final bit of context, you might want to know what student enrollment is like in the Texas public schools. An official state report breaks it down this-a-way for the 2013-14 school year:
TEXAS EDUCATION AGENCY: In 2013-14, Hispanic students accounted for the largest percentage of total enrollment in Texas public schools (51.8%), followed by White (29.5%), African American (12.7%), Asian (3.7%), and multiracial (1.9%) students. The percentages of enrollment accounted for by Asian, Hispanic, and multiracial students increased between 2012-13 and 2013-14, whereas the percentage accounted for by African American students stayed the same, and the percentage accounted for by White students decreased.That Hispanic enrollment at UT doesn't look gigantically "healthy" now.
None of this says what admission procedures the school should follow. This doesn't tell us which admission procedures are or should be legal or constitutional.
We're just showing you what we found when the fuzziness in a major column sent us hunting for facts. Do you think we live in the info age? Go ahead! Look something up!
4% is not a small black enrollment. There are 51,313 students at the U of Texas, Austin campus, so 4% would be 2,053 black students. That's certainly enough to satisfy the alleged need for black students to have plenty of other black fellow students.
ReplyDeleteThanks for the whitesplanation.
DeletePlease defend your assertion that 4% is enough with some sort of data, rather than just your opinion. Otherwise, you really don't have anything to say.
ReplyDeleteDave -- I don't know what you're looking for. Can you elaborate? Thanks.
DeleteHow exactly do you know that 4% is "enough" diversity? It may be enough for you (your opinion), but what is that opinion based on? How do you (yourself) know what it is like to be a minority in a majority school?
DeleteThat is one nutty comment from Daivid in Cal, just dripping with racism. However not 100% of high school graduates enroll in college. Apparently about 70% of black hs grads enroll, who are about 12% of the population, so enrollment should be about 8.5%.
ReplyDeletehttp://www.bls.gov/news.release/hsgec.nr0.htm
Anon 8:53 - apparently you believe that the % of blacks in college should equal the % of blacks in the population, or something like that. Is that just an axiom? Why is that principle correct?
DeleteLet me try to say what I mean. When an individual is treated worse because of his race, that's racism. Disproportionate balance, in and of itself, doesn't don't constitute racism, although it may be evidence of racism.
DeleteE.g., for some reason, Chinese Americans dominate the field of statistics. That's not racism against non-Chinese. It's just that for some reason, that field particularly appeals to Chinese-Americans. Similarly, gay men have contributed dispropoartionately to the arts. That's not bigotry against non-gay men.
But, you're forgiven for your misconception, 8:53. Many colleges behave as if any disproportion itself was racism. The result is that some blacks with far less academic ability are admitted, while some Asians with superior ability are rejected. The proportion of Asians in top colleges may be higher than their proportion of the population, yet the situation is anti-Asian racism. The reason is that individual Asian applicants are treated worse because of their race.
"E.g., for some reason, Chinese Americans dominate the field of statistics."
DeleteSorry, Dave. But I don't buy into racial stereotypes.
Huh? This isn't a stereotype, it's a fact.
DeleteNo, it is a "fact" only in the dim mind of a person who can think of human beings only in racial stereotypes.
DeleteNeither Somerby nor any commenter ever claimed that disproportionate balance in and of itself constitutes racism.
DeleteNot only is this authentic David in Cal gibberish as "disproportionate balance" is an oxymoron, it is an obvious strawman.
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