Part 4—Plutocrats’ tone of voice: Why is no one talking about Elisabeth Rosenthal’s series?
Her reports have been appearing on the front page of the New York Times, a well-known American newspaper. Her first three reports have been very lengthy, quite detailed.
So far, this is the rundown:
Sunday, June 2: “The $2.7 Trillion Medical Bill.” 4165 wordsThese articles deal with a very important topic—the massive looting of U.S. consumers which characterizes American health care. This looting helps explain a welter of major social and political problems—our nation’s growing income inequality; our stagnant wages; the failure to provide full medical coverage; the nation’s problems with federal deficits and debt.
Monday, July 1: “American Way of Birth, Costliest in the World.” 3176 words
Sunday, August 4: “In Need of a New Hip, but Priced Out of the U.S.” 3792 words
But so what? Despite their high profile and apparent salience, Rosenthal’s reports have met with universal silence, except for last week’s Fresh Air.
In fairness, the pundit corps keeps feeding us our steady diet of weiner. The alert us to the misbehavior of the nation’s rodeo clowns.
Our “corporate progressive” TV stars cluck like chickens and fake townie accents. They issue clownishly pompous predictions.
They then get mocked on The Daily Show for the clownish prediction with which they have failed in the past.
They helped invent the phony facts about the Zimmerman trial, thereby pleasing our fake, phony souls. But Rosenthal’s name hasn’t even been mentioned on The One True Liberal Channel—not by Rachel; not by either Chris; not by Al (you can call his “Rev”); not even by the fiery Lawrence, with the manifest street cred he brings to his various breakdowns.
Why have none of these fiery figures even mentioned the Rosenthal series? It’s going to win the Pulitzer Prize—and it’s going to do so in silence!
Despite the high profile afforded this series, the silence has been general all over the press, which seems paralyzed, dead in life. At the end of this report, we’ll offer our own speculations about the resounding silence.
But some of the silence may result from Rosenthal’s strange tone of voice. In a break from traditional press practice, she has been obsessively deferential to apparent criminal conduct as she presents her reports.
Her August 4 report broke the bank. Consider what she seems to have said.
Rosenthal seems to have said the following, although we’re still not entirely sure, due to her lack of a pulse:
She seems to have said that it costs $350 to manufacture an artificial hip in this country. But she plainly says that when Al Shopenn of Boulder, Colorado shopped around for such a device, he was told he’d be able to pay “list price”—$13,000!
(According to what Rosenthal seems to have said, that would have been the charge to Shopenn for the device alone. Hospital fees would have added an additional $65,000 to his bill. And that wouldn’t include the surgeon’s fees, which Rosenthal didn’t estimate.)
According to Rosenthal, that $13,000 price tag would have been a bargain! “While Mr. Shopenn was offered an implant in the United States for $13,000, many privately insured patients are billed two to nearly three times that amount,” she wrote, seeming to describe a device which costs $350 to make.
Can that possibly be what Rosenthal said? Did she actually say it costs $350 to manufacture the hip, but patients may be billed $26,000, or more, for that very device? Did she really say that Shopenn would have been required to pay $13,000 for his?
That seems to be what Rosenthal said, but her tone is so impassive that we keep thinking we must be misreading her text. The text of her front-page report seems to describe a crime. But her tone of voice seems to come direct from Stepford Memorial.
As William Bennett used to say, “Where’s the #$%^& outrage?” We keep thinking of that quote when we read Rosenthal’s text.
Rosenthal seems to realize that her statements about that device require a bit of explaining. But as she continues, her tone of voice betrays no sense that she is describing a medical outrage—an act of medical looting that ought to shock the conscience.
Even as she poses her basic question, she seems to have no human sense of what it is that she is describing. On the brighter side, a human ear can perhaps discern the comedy found lurking here:
ROSENTHAL (8/4/13): An artificial hip, however, costs only about $350 to manufacture in the United States, according to Dr. Blair Rhode, an orthopedist and entrepreneur whose company is developing generic implants. In Asia, it costs about $150, though some quality control issues could arise there, he said.A $350 medical item is being sold for $13,000 to $35,000. At the Times, Rosenthal adds an important point: Those prices are rising, by five percent a year!
So why are implant list prices so high, and rising by more than 5 percent a year?
Yes, you're allowed to laugh! When we read that, we felt we were listening to Siddhartha before he looked out past the palace.
As she continues, Rosenthal matter-of-factly explains the reasons for the vast financial scam she’s discussing. Her matter-of-tact tone of voice helps us see that she simply can’t register it as such:
ROSENTHAL: An artificial hip, however, costs only about $350 to manufacture in the United States, according to Dr. Blair Rhode...”That should be great for the consumer, but it isn't,” Rosenthal quotes a professor saying. She is explaining why a consumer named Joe Catugno paid $37,000 for an item it costs $350 to manufacture.
So why are implant list prices so high, and rising by more than 5 percent a year?
In the United States, nearly all hip and knee implants—sterilized pieces of tooled metal, plastic or ceramics—are made by five companies, which some economists describe as a cartel. Manufacturers tweak old models and patent the changes as new products, with ever-bigger price tags.
Generic or foreign-made joint implants have been kept out of the United States by trade policy, patents and an expensive Food and Drug Administration approval process that deters start-ups from entering the market. The ''companies defend this turf ferociously,'' said Dr. Peter M. Cram, a physician at the University of Iowa medical school who studies the costs of health care.
Though the five companies make similar models, each cultivates intense brand loyalty through financial ties to surgeons and the use of a different tool kit and operating system for the installation of its products; orthopedists typically stay with the system they learned on. The thousands of hospitals and clinics that purchase implants try to bargain for deep discounts from manufacturers, but they have limited leverage since each buys a relatively small quantity from any one company.
In addition, device makers typically require doctors' groups and hospitals to sign nondisclosure agreements about prices, which means institutions do not know what their competitors are paying. This secrecy erodes bargaining power and has allowed a small industry of profit-taking middlemen to flourish: joint implant purchasing consultants, implant billing companies, joint brokers. There are as many as 13 layers of vendors between the physician and the patient for a hip replacement, according to Kate Willhite, a former executive director of the Manitowoc Surgery Center in Wisconsin.
Hospitals and orthopedic clinics typically pay $4,500 to $7,500 for an artificial hip, according to MD Buyline and Orthopedic Network News, which track device pricing. But those numbers balloon with the cost of installation equipment and all the intermediaries' fees, including an often hefty hospital markup.
That is why the hip implant for Joe Catugno, a patient at the Hospital for Joint Diseases in New York, accounted for nearly $37,000 of his approximately $100,000 hospital bill; Cigna, his insurer, paid close to $70,000 of the charges. At Mills-Peninsula Health Services in San Mateo, Calif., Susan Foley's artificial knee, which costs about the same as a hip joint, was billed at $26,000 in a total hospital tally of $112,317. The components of Sonja Nelson's hip at Sacred Heart Hospital in Pensacola, Fla., accounted for $30,581 of her $50,935 hospital bill. Insurers negotiate discounts on those charges, and patients have limited responsibility for the differences.
The basic design of artificial joints has not changed for decades. But increased volume—about one million knee and hip replacements are performed in the United States annually—and competition have not lowered prices, as would typically happen with products like clothes or cars. ''There are a bunch of implants that are reasonably similar,'' said James C. Robinson, a health economist at the University of California, Berkeley. ”That should be great for the consumer, but it isn't.”
Speaking of sterilized pieces of metal, be sure to focus on Rosenthal’s tone as she matter-of-factly explains this astonishing act of looting. Rosenthal goes on from there, further explaining a practice she calls “sticky pricing.” She quotes a long-time industry employee who bullshits about the reasons for the astonishing prices.
After that, we’re told that American hospitals pay an average of $8000 for Shopenn’s type of hip implant, while hospitals in Belgium pay $4000. This represents a tiny attempt to explain the (shocking) statistics with which this report began:
Shopenn would have paid $78,000 (plus surgeon’s fees) had he been treated in the U.S. In Belgium, the entire operation cost $13,660.
As you fight your way through Rosenthal’s piece, please note its measured tone. Rosenthal never betrays a sense that she is discussing a giant outrage—an outrage that is exponentially worse when we understand that it’s a medical outrage.
She isn’t discussing a mark-up on luxury cars, or on Jim Garland’s “pleasure yachts” (links below). She is discussing outlandish price-gouging on the ability of average people to walk.
But nothing gets this journalist’s gorge as this outrageous story unfolds. Very, very late in her piece, she manages to mention the matters which follow.
Note how quickly the buying of Congress is melded into something else. Note the astonishing industry practices this journalist decided to bury very deep in her piece:
ROSENTHAL: Device makers have used some of their profits to lobby Congress and to buy brand loyalty. In 2007, joint makers paid $311 million to settle Justice Department accusations that they were paying kickbacks to surgeons who used their devices; Zimmer paid the biggest fine, $169.5 million. That year, nearly 1,000 orthopedists in the United States received a total of about $200 million in payments from joint manufacturers for consulting, royalties and other activities, according to data released as part of the settlement.Are you kidding? “While some hospitals have banned manufacturers' representatives from the operating room, or have at least blocked salesmanship there, most have not?”
Despite that penalty, payments continued, according to a paper published in The Archives of Internal Medicine in 2011. While some of the orthopedists are doing research for the companies, the roles of others is unclear, said Dr. Cram, one of the study's authors.
Although only a tiny percentage of orthopedists receive payments directly from manufacturers, the web of connections is nonetheless tangled.
Companies ''build a personal relationship with the doctor,'' said Professor Robinson, the Berkeley economist. ''The companies hire sales reps who are good at engineering and good at golf. They bring suitcases into the operating room,'' advising which tools might work best among the hundreds they carry, he said. And some studies have shown that operations attended by a company representative are more likely to use more and costlier medical equipment. While some hospitals have banned manufacturers' representatives from the operating room, or have at least blocked salesmanship there, most have not.
This astonishing statement appears in paragraph 44 of Rosenthal’s report. Earlier, the “lobbying” of Congress disappeared in less than one sentence.
Rosenthal’s pulse never starts to race as she describes this astonishing conduct. In truth, her pulse is rarely discernible. But by the normal traditions of American journalism, she is describing heinous behavior—heinous acts of looting, accompanied and enabled by heinous industry practices.
She’s also discussing the purchase of Congress. That’s covered in less than one sentence.
By normal traditions of American journalism, dating back (let’s say) to the muckrakers, Elisabeth Rosenthal’s bloodless report would have been handled quite differently. Those astonishing industry practices would have featured in the lede of the piece. The buying of Congress would have been cited there too—possibly even reported in detail, with some names included.
No one would have been forced to wonder if Rosenthal meant what she seemed to be saying—that Shopenn would have been charged $13,000 for a $350 device, just for the right to walk around. No one would have wondered what happened to Rosenthal’s pulse, and to her tone of voice.
What are the traditional practices of American journalism? In the week before this report appeared, Anderson Cooper was raking some muck on his CNN program. The loud Drew Griffin was on hand to embarrass some minor officials.
The traditional tone of American journalism could be discerned as Cooper began the second night of his report. Because he was dealing with rather small targets, Cooper could almost be strident:
COOPER (7/30/13): We begin tonight Keeping Them Honest, with part two in our special investigative series, "Rehab Racket." We're talking about shady rehab clinics filing bogus claims for phantom patients.Somehow, Cooper managed to identify “shady” clinics which were being run by “unscrupulous” operators. He knew a “racket” when he saw one.
It's happening in the state of California, but because it involves federal Medicaid funding, we're all paying for it, nearly $186 million in state and federal tax dollars over just the last two years. A yearlong investigation by CNN and the Center for Investigative Reporting lays it all out, unscrupulous operators billing the government for bogus clients and getting away with it, but maybe not much longer.
In the wake of our reporting, we learned today that 29 clinics have been temporarily suspended, cutting them off from state and federal money and there is a state senator who after seeing last night's report is now calling for a full audit of the program. We will talk to him shortly.
But first, part two of the investigation, how teenagers say they were roped into the operation. Drew Griffin tonight, Keeping Them Honest.
He could see that those shady players were “getting away with” their scams.
At this point, Griffin began to thunder, piggybacking on Cooper’s tone. A cynic would say that Griffin’s strident tone was enabled by the small size of his targets.
CNN was right to go after those targets, of course. But Griffin was chasing $90 million per year and a few state officials. In Rosenthal’s series, she is discussing a much larger network of scams.
Rosenthal is chasing looting on the scale of more than $1 trillion per year! Perhaps for that reason, she has respectfully lowered her voice and pulled in her head like a turtle.
Next year, she will be handed a Pulitzer Prize. Out in the country, no one will know about her reports. Absolutely no one will care.
A few speculations:
Rosenthal’s lack of a pulse may be part of modern Potemkin journalism, in which very large journalistic interests bow to other sources of very large power. Her editors may have insisted.
For years, the New York Times and other big orgs have heroically avoided the gigantic topic this front-page series pretends to pursue. Now, the Times seems to be pursuing that topic in a modern, Potemkin manner:
This series seems designed to win the grand prize and to make nobody mad.
That said, why haven’t the fiery children on The One Channel rushed to tell you about this series? Why haven't they filled in the blanks, adding the appropriate sense of outrage?
We’ll explore such topics all next week in our award-winning series, “The Rodeo Clowns.” Just for today, we’ll offer a possible answer:
The fiery children are deep in the bag—and yes, that includes your Darling Rachel, with all her fucking barnyard sounds and all her self-adoration. Also Lawrence, with his unmistakable Boston/Dorchester cred!
Do the fiery children work for The Man? Are the kids, who possibly do want your millions, possibly running a bit of a scam?
Have they turned their backs on the muckrakers too? People, we’re just asking questions!
We don’t want your millions, Mister: To hear Jim Garland sing his song at Newport 1963, just click here, then click again.
Lyrics can be instructive too. For a version of same, click here.
I am so grateful for these analyses of the Rosenthal series and am saddened they were evidently not formally discussed even on PBS.
ReplyDeleteLTR
So am I. The TDH analyses are excellent.
DeleteI think "buying Congress" is a very serious accusation. It is not the same as lobbying. I think accusations of kickbacks to doctors are also serious. Royalties and consulting are not the same as kickbacks, partly because doctors are involved in the process of developing improved joint replacements, both at the level of installation and in figuring out what product modifications will benefit patients. Further, doctors have exposure to the long term results of previous joint replacements. So, they have information to provide as consultants and their inventions are worthy of licensing, patenting, and royalties may be owed to them from these companies. When companies learn how to better provide care to patients, why is it bad for them to share that information widely among other doctors and hospitals? Further, many sales reps of these companies are themselves physicians, so their presence in the operating room is as doctors with up-to-date knowledge about their products, not solely as representatives of firms with vested interests in sales. So perhaps the measured tone of this article results from the fact that there are major gray areas involved here that cannot be exaggerated into black and white claims of bribery or corruption.
ReplyDeleteIn my field of academia, there is a similarly gray area involving textbook writing, adoption and sales. The same companies that urge professors to require textbooks of students offer publishing contracts to professors, seek their expertise about how to improve new editions, and supply free inspection copies (which can be sold to textbook buyers for real $). They pay faculty an honorarium for the time required to evaluate a book. Is this a bribe? Are the free copies offered for inspection also bribes? Professors have no budget for buying the desk copies required to teach a class. They would otherwise not be paid for the time spent helping a colleague improve a textbook. Yet, these practices no doubt increase the cost of books for students. They are so widespread that you would have to accuse nearly the whole field of corruption if you were to adopt an outraged tone about this. And it isn't going to stop unless universities pick up the costs for desk copies of books, allowing faculty to be more ethical. I suspect it is the same in medicine.
From the perspective of a physician, this comment rationalizes wildly unethical or ethically compromising behavior. I am shocked at the analogy between catering to drug companies and getting a free copy of book to be taught.
DeleteAs for me, I never met a sales rep who was a physician and even so never ever would I include such a person when I was with a patient. I have heard of such operating room practices, but at my university they are considered compromising to a patient.
It's just as ethical as the textbook industry.
DeleteTalk about damning with faint praise.
The spouse works at a lager medical facility here in the Alabama Triangle of PA, they no longer accept anything including ball point pens from the sales reps.
ReplyDeleteAs far as naming names of the miscreants in Washington that allow this to happen perhaps it would require its own separate edition because it would include everybody from President Obama on down.
This information would have been useful during the debates on the Affordable Care Act too bad that and how health care is delivered and paid in the other G-8 nations wasn't brought to the floor of both chambers.
Now sit back and wait for the criticisms from the interns of the affected legislators and media companies.
Poo Poo Platter (CSI Edition)
ReplyDeleteEmergency 911:. Do you need police, fire or EMS?
TDH: I'm with the media watch program in my blogosphere. Um, there has been a lot of price gouging in our health care system, and there are these reporters walking around our country looking suspicious.
They are looking around and not saying anything.
911: Are they white, black or Hispanic?
TDH: White, mostly. Do you mean the reporters? The looters look to be Iowan.
911: What are they up to now?
TDH: There's something wrong with this one gal. I don't know what she's up to. She's actually saying something. There's something about her tone. She doesn't even seem to have a pulse.
911 Where are they located?
TDH They're all around me now but not even looking at me. I'm at the corner of Rodeo Drive and Potemkin Village. OMG. Now the phucking professors are with them. These assholes always get in the way.
911 Sir, are you following them?
TDH No. I'm just running around the blogosphere shouting at the top of my lungs demanding these reporters and my neighbors be outraged and get somebody put on trial.
911 OK. We don't need you to do that, but it's OK if you do because past records indicate everytime you have done this nothing has come of it. You haven't been drinking any AriZona watermelon drinks with Skittles, have you?
-----Sounds of a keyboard falling into wet grass----
Yep, you sure loves the sound of your keyboard. So it's more of your foul shit, er, Poop for us.
DeleteAt least your movements are regular...
Great post. Every once in awhile somebody gets a peice published in a mainstream outlet on Defense Spending. a critical issue on which The Daily Howler seems as disinterested as those he decries here.
ReplyDeleteIf you start your own blog you can talk about whatever you think is important.
Delete"whatever you think is important"
Delete...and, clicking through Greg's profile, apparently that's hawking movie monster DVDs.
Hooray for more-serious-than-thou-Greg!!
Fascinating piece. The consortium aspect of these companies is really chilling. I wonder how the ACA would insure competition in the sense of small innovating companies in joint prosthetics being players.
ReplyDeleteIn reading this part of the series, I'm going to read what's described here as a long-time industry employee bullshitting reasons for these costs, to judge that for myself.
"...why haven’t the fiery children on The One Channel rushed to tell you about this series? Why haven't they filled in the blanks, adding the appropriate sense of outrage?"
ReplyDelete>>> asuming somerby is accusing msnbc fairly, there are three reasons:
1.) "Do the fiery children work for The Man?"
>>> yes. comcast is a huge company, even if they dont get many advertisemnts.
2.) do they want favors from the man for themselves and relatives down the line?
yes. they wouldnt have climbed the ladder this far if they werent cuthroats. and they wouldnt have been hired by comcast or ge if they couldnt be trusted to act as p.r. agents for the moneyed interests when leaned on to do so.
3.) does the dem party estasblishment really care if the new wealth care act works efficiently?
maybe, but i would say theyre not not nearly as passionate on health care reform as they may seem. if it wasnt for the fire in the belly pelosi exhibited, i undrstand it never would have gotten passed, even its eventual very watered down form.
Do you think the poo poo guy and bacon guy are one and the same? They're equally inane and boring.
ReplyDeleteby not detecting a hundred style differences between me, the common man, and the erudite ppp, you say much more about yourself than either of us.
Deletei cant speak for ppp, but coming from an acolyte of somerby, i take your verbal strikes as badges of honor. it is for each reader to decide whose what, but i wouldnt argue your critique of me. in fact i would add pedantic and verbose.
but brave anonymous, i will say for myself that im knee-jerk honest. just an average american who stumbled years ago into a scary fun house of a 'media' site. but to evince honesty a certain measure of courage must also be at ones call.
not to compare my lowly self to the martyred sen. robert f. kennedy, a good man with off the charts courage, but let me quote his brother edwards words upon rfk's death:
“Few are willing to brave the disapproval of their fellows, the censure of their colleagues, the wrath of their society. Moral courage is a rarer commodity than bravery in battle or great intelligence.”
http://tedkennedy.org/ownwords/event/eulogy
print out this comment and re-read it till u understand it. youre welcome.
"me, the common man"
DeleteThankfully, you're as uncommon as they come.
"not to compare my lowly self to the martyred..." which you then proceed to explicitly do. Big balls there, mister "common man."
Knee-jerk nutcase is more like it!
No, but seriously -- posting your ravings on this little blog is some serious COURAGE!! You show 'em, pork butt. Them "brave" soldiers got nothing on you!
DeleteI think that detached, emotionless journalistic style is just really trendy. I don't think her editors are forcing it on her. I think writers think it has more impact if they write without bluster. They lay out some facts and let the facts "speak for themselves," with little additional analysis. See Dave Eggers for an example, in "Zeitoun."
ReplyDeleteGot to agree.
DeleteI can think of several reasons other than Rosenthal's tone for the widespread absence of discussion of these reports. Those reasons all start and end with $.
I would like to know what Medicare pays for the hip replacement? I bet they don't pay $36,000 for the artificial hip joint. And the guy getting the operation is 67 years old. Why isn't he on Medicare. It would seem that these two basic question should have been answered.
ReplyDeleteI would like to thank you for the efforts youve got produced in writing this article.
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