THE BRAIN CELL MONOLOGUES: Bravo sets the opera aside!

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 2020

Airs minstrel shows instead: The comical history of basic cable suggests a possible interpretation:

We the people may be less lofty than we may understand.

The history of basic cable involves a persistent, comical trip down the ladder of conventional notions of taste. Court TV makes way for "World's Dumbest." Comically, Arts and Entertainment (now A & E) treats the Olympian gods to this:

The network was originally founded in 1984 as the Arts & Entertainment Network, initially focusing on fine arts, documentaries (including its then-flagship series Biography), and dramas (including imported series from the United Kingdom). In 1995, the network rebranded as A&E, in an effort to downplay the negative perceptions of arts programming...

So says the leading authority on this comical transformation. How those great gods must laugh!

Such transformations are  general in the vineyards of basic cable. Consider what happened to Bravo, no exclamation point added.

By way of background, the Italian people used to shout "Bravo!" after they'd sat through an opera. At its inception, the brave new channel tried to draft along behind this lofty cultural history:

Bravo is an American pay television network, launched on December 8, 1980. It is owned by the NBCUniversal Television and Streaming division of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The channel originally focused on programming related to fine arts and film. 

[...]

Performing arts programs seen on Bravo included the show Jazz Counterpoint. During the mid-1980s, Bravo converted from a premium service into a basic cable channel, although it remained a commercial-free service. Bravo signed an underwriting deal with Texaco in 1992 and within a month broadcast the first Texaco Showcase production, a stage adaptation of Romeo and Juliet. By the mid-1990s, Bravo began to incorporate more PBS-style underwriting sponsorships, and then began accepting traditional commercial advertising by 1998.

This was lofty stuff. For eighteen years, the founders refused to accept traditional ads. Instead, they favored lofty, PBS-flavored corporate sponsorship deals.

So deluded were they about what they could sell that they offered Shakespeare and jazz! Eventually, reality—and "reality"—came crashing down on the project and on their high-minded ambitions:

In the early 2000s, Bravo switched its format from focusing on performing arts, drama, and independent film to being focused on pop culture such as reality shows, fashion and makeover shows, and celebrities. Bravo's "makeover" occurred in 2003 with the reality series Queer Eye for the Straight Guy, which garnered 3.5 million viewers. Entertainment Weekly put "Bravo reality shows" on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, saying, "From Queer Eye for the Straight Guy's Fab Five to Project Runway's fierce fashionistas to the kvetching, perma-tanned Real Housewives franchise, Bravo's quirky reality programming mixes high culture and low scruples to create deliciously addictive television."

It was all "entertainment" now! 

Today, Bravo retains its lofty name, but the fuel on which the channel runs is an endless succession of highly confected "Real Housewives" programs. As a general matter, the women in question are neither "housewives" nor are they observably "real." 

The leading authority on Bravo's decline describes the sprawling franchise as shown:

[Real Housewives] is critiqued as promoting consumerism through programming. It is also seen as perpetuating gender stereotypes by highlighting women as shoppers more so than career women. Their lavish lifestyles have also contributed to the misconception that financial wealth equals happiness. Feminist leader Gloria Steinem has vociferously criticized the "Housewives" franchise for "presenting women as rich, pampered, dependent and hateful towards each other." Steinem summed up her dislike of the show in 2013:

"It is women, all dressed up and inflated and plastic surgeried and false bosomed and incredible amount of money spent, not getting along with each other. Fighting with each other. It is a minstrel show for women. I don't believe it, I have to say. I feel like it's manufactured, that the fights between them are manufactured and they're supposed to go after each other in a kind of conflicting way."

It's a minstrel show for women! At least in this one observer's view, Bravo had brought us a long way from Dunsinane Castle, baby!

Inevitably, the New York Times delivered the final critical blow, complaining about the "segregation"  within this sprawling franchise. Truly, this is the only form of analysis this newspaper seems to know:

The New York Times ran an article in October 2019 criticizing how the casts of the different Housewives franchises are "segregated" by skin color. Author Tracie Egan Morrissey pointed to Potomac and Atlanta for their almost entirely African American casts, while the other iterations (Beverly Hills, Orange County, Dallas, New York, and New Jersey) are overwhelmingly white and have featured few women of color. Real Housewives of New York has never featured a woman of color as a "Housewife", while the addition of Kary Brittingham to Dallas in 2019 marked the show's first Hispanic cast member. Beverly Hills, with the exception of Season 4's Joyce Giraud, featured "a racially homogeneous cast throughout its run", until the addition of Garcelle Beauvais, also in 2019.

The essay was written by Tracie Egan Morrissey, author of Pot Psychology's How to Be: Lowbrow Advice from High People. In the present day, our Hamptons-based, upper-end culture tends to adopt this form. 

The history of our basic cable channels tends to follow the path from the sacred toward the profane. The Discovery Channel was highbrow too, until so-called reality hit:

Discovery Channel (known as The Discovery Channel from 1985 to 1995, and often referred to as simply Discovery) is an American multinational pay television network and flagship channel owned by Discovery, Inc., a publicly traded company run by CEO David Zaslav. As of June 2012, Discovery Channel [was] the third most widely distributed subscription channel in the United States, behind TBS and The Weather Channel...

It initially provided documentary television programming focused primarily on popular science, technology, and history, but by the 2010s had expanded into reality television and pseudo-scientific entertainment.

According to the leading authority, scientific discoveries had made way for pseudo-scientific entertainment. According to that same authority, the lofty channel had plainly slipped a bit by the year 2014:

Eaten Alive was a [Discovery Channel] television program in which wildlife filmmaker Paul Rosolie was purportedly going to be "eaten alive" by an anaconda. It aired on December 7, 2014. When the special aired, the anaconda attacked Rosolie but did not swallow him, as its title had implied, prompting numerous complaints of a bait and switch.

The American people are pretty sharp. We won't accept such blatant examples of bait and switch—presumably, no pun intended.

For the record, there's nothing "wrong" with watching such entertaining cable fare; beyond that, most people don't. Presumably, though, even fewer of us the people were willing to sit through programs about Shakespeare and jazz, or about the finer points of Newton's miracle year.

The comedy comes when you turn to The History Channel and find yourself sunk in a full day of Ancient Aliens. As a people, we may not be as sharp as our pundits tell us we are, but it's fairly clear that our corporate suits are ridiculous and incorrigible.

Excuse us while we watch the latest doo-wop retrospective on PBS, supported by "viewers like us." In closing, a quick review:

Stephen Brill launched Court TV in 1991. Before too long, the channel had given way to programming which was literally called World's Dumbest. 

Next week, we'll briefly consider Brill's subsequent magazine launch. In the main, we'll turn to the larger question about the  intellectual capacity of major elites in this, the age of Trumpism.

For now, a minor spoiler:

Trumpism wasn't invented by Donald J. Trump. Over the past three or four decades, Trumpism had spread all through our culture, not excluding our upper-end culture, long before its lunatic adoption by Donald J. Trump.

The devolution of basic cable is a comical example of this unmistakable cultural shift. Next week, we'll move to the realms where the apparent cognitive shortfalls have had serious consequences.

"I saw you from afar," the Bushmen of the Kalahari famously say or once said. As we'll start to note next week, The Family of Man [sic] is much alike wherever it's found in the world.

Next week: Cognitive shortfalls


52 comments:

  1. Somerby bemoans the loss of Opera? Jazz? Shakespeare? What, is he some sort of Hamptons-based fop?

    Recall that he did a series of posts praising Ken Burns’ country music documentary. Somerby was all enraptured at all those multi-zillionaire country musicians who provide the soundtrack of Trump country, or some such nonsense.

    Is Somerby too stupid to realize that “Trump country” eschews opera and jazz, and watches Pawn Stars and Duck Dynasty and Real Housewives?

    To be honest, opera and jazz have a highly limited appeal. And it doesn’t really make sense to equate “Trumpism” with cable networks airing shows that actually get viewers. And his judgment that they are stupid and intellectually debased sounds very much like an insult of the viewers, many of whom are “Others.” He sounds like the snob he always accuses liberals of being.

    Somerby should spend some time defining what he means by “Trumpism.” He might find that he is wrong about it, and that it pre-dates the so-called decline of cable TV.

    ReplyDelete
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    2. Men like sports because they play sports as little boys. If you sang as a child and had music lessons in your youth, you would like opera and symphony music and probably jazz (there is a lot of cross-over between jazz and classical music enjoyment). If you rode horses as a child, you would appreciate equestrian events on TV or watch rodeo. I grew up with a father who took me out of school to visit the racetrack, so I understanding handicapping and gambling and never miss watching the Triple Crown races. The main difference between high brow and low brow entertainment is accessibility to those without background in a sport or activity. Car shows leave me cold because I never worked on one as a kid.

      Somerby confuses this with politics when he suggests a cultural degeneracy he mistakenly calls "Trumpism" that is actually just cultural change, which seems larger to him because he is elderly and has had more years to see things evolve (something he calls decline because his baseline is his own youth). There are many areas of our culture that have not declined at all, but these are not things Somerby enjoys because he didn't have any exposure to them in his youth, such as computer gaming, tiktok videos, youtube and podcasts. He doesn't even consider who it is that is left watching cable TV these days, their demographic characteristics.

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    ReplyDelete
  3. Don't forget also about the so called Learning Channel. Amazing some of the stuff you can "learn" about on there.

    ReplyDelete
  4. "Trumpism wasn't invented by Donald J. Trump. Over the past three or four decades, Trumpism had spread all through our culture, not excluding our upper-end culture, long before its lunatic adoption by Donald J. Trump."

    This is a bait-and-switch. There is no similarity between Trumpism and pop-culture on cable TV. It is true that Trump's gold toilets are a joke, but the rest of Trump is about white supremacism, greed, cons, and crime, tax evasion and consorting with hoodlums, finally resulting in fixing the 2016 presidential race and attempting to fix the 2020 election.

    Somerby might be trying to say that the same intellectual laziness that enables people to enjoy cable TV led to their enthusiasm for Trump the candidate, but I don't believe that is what has fueled Trump's base. Equating support for Trump with a love of Ice-road Truckers is just plain stupid.

    What is Somerby ignoring here: (1) racism's contribution to Trump's support, (2) long-standing grievances of red states versus blue, (3) Russian interference and funneling of money via the NRA to Republican campaigns, (4) use of Facebook and Twitter to spread disinformation, (5) iron-clad discipline among Republicans to obstruct Democrats and support Trump nationwide, across all levels of government, (6) scapegoating of immigrants, (7) corruption and favors to big business, (8) roll-back of all Democratic progress made by Obama and previous administrations, especially regulatory and environmental measures, (9) favoring of initiatives supported by evangelical Christians, (10) breaking of all norms and traditions of government to achieve Republican goals. And much more...such as Trump's tax evasion and grifting while in office, his golf clubs and unwillingness to do the job of president, his disregard for expertise and experience when appointing people to government posts, his firing of "disloyal" staff, his packing the courts at all levels with help of McConnell, his nepotism, and Melania's failure to serve effectively as first lady.

    Beside all this, cable TV's focus on tabloid-style entertainment is NOTHING. This whole argument is like blaming comic books for the popularity of porn. And it has nothing to do with why most people won't read the Great Books of the Western World.

    Trump is the result of Republican corruption, greed, power lust, and willingness to collude with traitors to our nation to achieve their goals when the shifting demographics of our nation suggest they cannot do so legitimately. That's what gave rise to Trump. Not cable TV.

    ReplyDelete
  5. What solution does Somerby envision for basic cable?

    There are a limited number of options for maintaining a high-brow opera/jazz/Shakespeare channel that is not subscriber-based, like HBO. The shows and the writers, producers, and performers have to be paid. Money is required.

    1. Publicly funded. Essentially a non-starter in the US.
    2. No ads, paid for by a corporation or a rich benefactor. But given that viewership will be limited, and the content will not be cheap, this will almost invariably be a money loser. And unless they can make up for the lost revenue elsewhere, the decision to shut it down becomes compelling.
    3. Ad-based. But if the shows don’t get viewers, there won’t be enough revenue.
    4. The c-span model. But their production values are very limited. Not likely they could stage a production of the Ring.

    Note that the platform Somerby uses to provide his blog for “free” is maintained by Google, a giant corporation that can only offer a service like Blogger by making a ton of money elsewhere.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Historically, the arts have always been supported by wealthy patrons, the upper classes, because those are the people with money to spare. These days, tax law has a lot to do with waxing and waning prosperity of the arts. Social lives organized around charitable support for the arts, has been part of noblesse oblige, but the willingness to support the arts so that non-wealthy people can enjoy them, seems to be changing. Rich people have tended to be Republicans whereas those wanting the government to do things, including support public access to the arts, have tended to be Democrats. Somerby seems to be aware of the Democratic support for the arts, but not the Republican support, a longstanding tradition among the wealthy.

      You can look at the enormous sums of money devoted to political campaigns as a huge waste that draws funds away from other causes that might provide greater benefit to society. That's one reason why I support public funding of elections, with caps on spending. I'd certainly rather watch an opera than another presidential debate.

      Delete
    2. Art, music (particularly classical music), and literature have often been viewed as “elitist” and/or “liberal” or “subversive.” There is a tendency to cut these subjects in public schools in favor of STEM subjects.

      Somerby never discusses this. Instead, he jumps on the “liberals are elitists” bandwagon.

      Delete
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  7. I suspect that these spam ads for penis enlargement are paying Somerby under the table to permit their ads to appear on his blog. Nearly all blog owners filter them out, but not Somerby. Or maybe he owes a huge personal debt to them for improving his own satisfaction with life.

    ReplyDelete
  8. This happened to the Style Network. It was a great channel that presented artists and designers, bohemian and high-brow, in a manner that was low-key, gracious, and delightful.

    It didn’t seem very long until all that programming went by the wayside and series such as one about cleaning the houses of incredible slovens ruled the day.

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    Replies
    1. The former, devoted to Style (a la the Style Section) was foppish, the latter is symptomatic of Trumpism. Thus spake Somerby.

      Delete
    2. Style Network wasn’t like the NYT Style Section.

      In its original form it was sensual.

      Delete
    3. Foppish is the opposite of sensual.

      Delete
    4. Cecelia, not really opposite, just entirely different meanings -- someone can be foppish but also sensual.

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    5. No, you can enjoy the beauty and fun of fashion and be sensual. Being foppish connotes one eye looking at oneself in the mirror, while the other eye is making sure everyone else is looking at you too.

      The opposite of sensuality.

      Delete
    6. foppish: "concerned with one's clothes and appearance in an affected and excessive way (typically used of a man)."

      sensual: "relating to or involving gratification of the senses and physical, especially sexual, pleasure."

      Someone can enjoy the way they look in a mirror and still be sensual, taking pleasure in sex for example. Being sensual has nothing to do with being narcissistic. I believe that Trump is sensual, given his enjoyment of cheeseburgers and other physical comforts and his pursuit of women. He is also foppish, with that stupid long tie and silly hair.

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    7. Sensual people enjoy the way lots of people look in a mirror. Including themselves and people with stupid attire and silly hair.

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    8. You don't seem to understand the concept of intersectionality. Someone can be a narcissist and sensual or a non-narcissist and sensual. The narcissist will only enjoy seeing himself in the mirror, not other people. Imagine a square divided into quadrants. Label one edge of the square Narcissist vs non-Narcissist. Label the other edge sensual vs not sensual. Within those four quadrants are four categories of people. Those who are Narcissist but not sensual, Narcissists who are sensual, non-Narcissists who are not sensual and non-Narcissists who are sensual.

      No one is commenting about you and your sensuality, one way or the other. You seem to be trying to justify liking those style shows, but that's between you and your shrink and your mother's voice (or whoever else told you watching that stuff was silly).

      Have you ever seen Trump wearing anything other than a suit or his golf togs? Me neither. That is part of his narcissism. If he were sensual about clothing, you might expect a kimono or sweatpants or a bathing suit. Suits are not comfortable or fun to wear, especially when you are fat, like Trump is. Wearing uncomfortable clothing is for narcissists, not sensualists, style-wise.

      Delete
    9. The only thing I’ve tried to justify is that it’s doubtful that Bob thinks a sensualist is the same thing as being a fop.

      You’ve somehow migrated that into the implication that I think Trump is a sensualist.

      Shouldn’t you save this sort of reasoning for rambling specious attacks against the blogger?

      It’s actually less derogatory for your readers to think that you’re at least getting paid for your bullshit. .


      Delete
    10. Let us know when you’re done, Mr. Toobin.

      Delete
    11. Toobin would make a perfect Republican candidate for President, especially if he is also insane.

      Delete
    12. You did not try to justify any such thing; you asserted a non existent contradiction and then provided your own made of definitions of unremarkable notions. Your command of the english language is similar to Republican's command of the economy; both cases being dismal failures. I suspect you eat soup with a fork.

      Delete
    13. I suspect you eat similarly since it is the shape of your tongue.

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    14. Your malapropisms are as risible as your cluelessness.

      Delete
    15. Assuming you were even the same anonymous person, as one never really knows here, back up at 5:27 o’clock, you replied to a claim Cecilia made about about connotation with denotative dictionary definitions. Among other things, that proves you don’t really know what the word connotation means. That being so, you should aim the the risible slams at yourself, as a reward for your own obvious cluelessness.

      Delete
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  10. Was it Newton Minnow who characterized the TV networks products as a "wasteland?" Actually, there is seemingly more good TV on now than in the past, if you look for it. Pointing out the popular culture trash is not new, and there is a limitless amount of it to choose from, e.g., professional wrestling, reality tv shows and on and on. Maybe I'm a snob, but it's true.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. yes, he said it was a "vast wasteland"

      why is it a bad thing to be a snob? seems to me there is some reverse-snobbery going on here

      Delete
    2. Because Somerby constantly berates liberals for their “snobbery.” He claims to admire country music, and then turns around and poops on those intellectually “debased” tv shows that millions of country fans love.

      Delete
    3. And Polka fans in New Jersey and Pennsylvania.

      Delete
    4. And Apprentice fans the world over.

      Delete
  11. Somerby objects to the complaints about racism on the Housewives shows. Is he unaware that there exist black housewives in Beverly Hills, Orange County and other places where rich people live?

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  12. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  13. As neoliberal corporate dominance over literally everything reaches Orwellian levels, a culture that degrades rather than inspires will spread. Great art usually makes some attempt to show humans aspiring for integrity and the common good. Corporate-inspired art seeks the highest possible profits and prefers the model of the old circus freak shows. It cares nothing about inspiring people to be more thoughtful and caring, just the opposite. It is designed, like advertising, to stir base emotions and intent on showing and even celebrating humans at their worst. The acceleration of the degradation of entertainment is the result of the post-New Deal era of neoliberal corporate dominance that took control of the USA in the 80s.

    In every detail, Trump is the true face of this phony capitalist dominated life we have so foolishly accepted as we abandoned attempts to create real democracy. Defenders of our ongoing nightmare are embarrassed that the true nature of their system is now so clearly exposed and packaged in the creature called Donald Trump. They squirm as they try to explain away Trump as an anomaly. But those of us who have survived this corporate-dominated landscape ruled by Trumpian autocrats aren't buying it.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. You make yourself sound like a conspiracy theorist when you see everything through this lens of corporate dominance. Self-appointed critics have deplored the degradation of popular culture since Roman times. Universal literacy is a new phenomenon but literacy doesn't ensure good taste or highbrow interests. People WILL stop listening to you if you cannot talk about issues without your own special vocabulary and capitalist plot.

      See Dave Neiwert's new book, Red Pill, Blue Pill. Cultists become estranged from other people by their non-shared frame of reference through which they interpret everything they encounter. Please don't be that guy.

      Delete
    2. This comment has been removed by the author.

      Delete
    3. I don't expect the defenders of corporate/capitalist/billionaire dominance to listen to me. I expect them to be annoyed. I'm just hoping that open-minded people will notice and question that dominance since it does affect everything in both subtle and unsubtle ways.

      Delete
    4. Substitute the word "reptilian" for "corporate/capitalist/billionaire" and see how you sound to yourself.

      "I don't expect the defenders of reptilian dominance to listen to me. I expect them to be annoyed. I'm must hoping that open-minded people will notice and question that dominance since it does affect everything in both subtle and unsubtle ways."

      See what I mean?

      Delete
    5. No, I do not see what you mean. There is a lot of evidence of corporate dominance; not so much for reptilian dominance.

      I do see how the emerging progressive movement is concerning for centrists and right wingers; persuasion is wasted on these folk.

      Delete
    6. It's good to remind reptiles they can't issue stock to cope with a cash crunch during a global pandemic.

      It's even better to remind corporations they can.

      Delete
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    Before I began Doctor Aziba natural penis enlargement Product I measured 4 Inches in erect length, and 3 inches in erect girth. While flaccid I measured 3.4 Inches long. I began using his product, slightly skeptical I admit, and just 2 weeks later I was very happy with my progress. I measured 7.5 inches erect length and 6.5 inches erect girth, and 5.5 inches flaccid length. I was actually quite shocked at the huge gains I’d had, and continued using the product regularly, sticking to the usage schedule rigorously. After about 2-3 weeks I am 8.2 Inches in erect length and 8.1 Inches in erect girth. I am also 7.2 inches long while flaccid. This has had a huge impact on my life, not only has my sex life improved greatly, I feel much more confident and proud.Dr Aziba Natural Penis Enlargement works! You can Get in Contact with his via Email: (Priestazibasolutioncenter@gmail.com ) or WhatsApp him via Phone contact +2348100368288 His the solution you've been searching !

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  16. My ex-husband and I had always managed to stay friendly after our divorce in February 2017. But I always wanted to get back together with him, All it took was a visit to this spell casters website last December, because my dream was to start a new year with my husband, and live happily with him.. This spell caster requested a specific love spell for me and my husband, and I accepted it. And this powerful spell caster began to work his magic. And 48 hours after this spell caster worked for me, my husband called me back for us to be together again, and he was remorseful for all his wrong deeds. My spell is working because guess what: My “husband” is back and we are making preparations on how to go to court and withdraw our divorce papers ASAP. This is nothing short of a miracle. Thank you Dr Emu for your powerful spells. Words are not enough. here is his Email: emutemple@gmail.com or call/text him on his WhatsApp +2347012841542

    He is also able to cast spell like 1: Lottery 2: Conceive 3: Breakup 4: Divorce 5: Cure for all kinds of diseases and viruses.

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  17. My life is back!!! After 1 years of Broken marriage, my husband left me with two kids . I felt like my life was about to end I almost committed suicide, I was emotionally down for a very long time. Thanks to a spell caster called Dr Mark, which I met online. On one faithful day, as I was browsing through the internet,I came across a lot of testimonies about this particular spell caster. Some people testified that he brought their Ex lover back, some testified that he restores womb,cure cancer,and other sickness, some testified that he can cast a spell to stop divorce and so on. I also came across one particular testimony,it was about a woman called Alandre,she testified about how he brought back her Ex lover in less than 2 days, and at the end of her testimony she dropped Dr Mark e-mail address. blessedlovetemple@gmail.com After reading all these,I decided to give it a try. I contacted him via email and explained my problem to him. In just 48 hours, my husband came back to me. We solved our issues, and we are even happier than before. Dr Mark is really a gifted man and I will not stop publishing him because he is a wonderful man... If you have a problem and you are looking for a real and genuine spell caster to solve all your problems for you. blessedlovetemple@gmail.com anytime, he might be the answer to your problems.

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  18. The great Dr.Mark everyone has been talking about on the internet has also helped me with his love spell last week Wednesday he restored my broken relationship and brought my ex back to me. I have been with a broken heart for the past 6months after my boyfriend broke up with me but after i have read online about Dr.Mark love spell i was really pleased to contact him for the chance that i have got to get my ex back, after Dr.Mark has cast the spell for me my boyfriend came back to me after 48 hours which is last week Friday. With so much joy in my heart I want to appreciate Dr.Mark for his great help he rendered to me. incase you need his help you can also
    contact him via his email address Blessedlovetemple@gmail.com  

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  19. Contact DR DADA for Your Penis Enlargement pills which is capable of turning  your sex life from a laughing stock into a paradise. i had my penis grown from 4 inches to 10 inches and my sex life is wonderful contact DR DADA today to get your penis issue fixed he also cures sickness with his herbal medication my Aunt was cured of herpes as a results of DR DADA Herbal medication he cures lots of sickness, HIV/AID, HSV 1&2, CANCER, ASTHMA, HPV, COPD and lots more get in touch with him on today and get what bothering YOU soled mail (drdadaspellhome7@gmail.com) OR WHATAPP +22367565345  

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  20. I really want to thank Dr Emu for saving my marriage. My wife really treated me badly and left home for almost 3 month this got me sick and confused. Then I told my friend about how my wife has changed towards me then she told me to contact Dr Emu that he will help me bring back my wife and change her back to a good woman. I never believed in all this but I gave it a try. Dr Emu casted a spell of return of love on her, and my wife came back home for forgiveness and today we are happy again. If you are going through any relationship stress or you want back your Ex or Divorce husband you can contact his whatsapp +2347012841542 or email emutemple@gmail.com 

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  21. LOTTO, lottery,jackpot.
    Hello all my viewers, I am very happy for sharing this great testimonies,The best thing that has ever happened in my life is how I win the lottery euro million mega jackpot. I am a Woman who believe that one day I will win the lottery. finally my dreams came through when I email believelovespelltemple@gmail.com and tell him I need the lottery numbers. I have spend so much money on ticket just to make sure I win. But I never know that winning was so easy until the day I meant the spell caster online which so many people has talked about that he is very great in casting lottery spell, . so I decide to give it a try.I contacted this great Dr Believe and he did a spell and he gave me the winning lottery numbers. But believe me when the draws were out I was among winners. I win 30,000 million Dollar. Dr Believe truly you are the best, all thanks to you forever

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