GAPS IN CHICAGO: But also the gains!

TUESDAY, MAY 29, 2018

Part 1—Familiar upbeat reporting:
It was a highly familiar, decades-old type of upbeat report.

This familiar type of news report has been around since at least the early 1970s. We refer to the familiar upbeat report about low-income "schools that work."

In the recent report to which we refer, the low-income schools that work were those of an entire school system. The news report, in the New York Times, offered a remarkably upbeat appraisal of the Chicago Public Schools.

The report appeared last December. In print editions, it consumed the entirety of page A13, the first page in that day's National section.

The report appeared beneath a large, familiar photo of six adorable children. Beneath the upbeat photo, this hard-copy headline appeared:
New Measure Shows Where Students Learn the Most
At this point, we still didn't have the standard report about low-income schools that work. But then, at the start of the actual news report, we were told where our nation's students learn the most.

As it turns out, they learn the most in Chicago! In that city's once-maligned public schools, the nation's third-largest school system!

The news report to which we refer was written by Emily Badger and Kevin Quealy. Neither is an education specialist. Their upbeat report starts like this:
BADGER AND QUEALY (12/13/17): In the Chicago Public Schools system, enrollment has been declining, the budget is seldom enough, and three in four children come from low-income homes, a profile that would seemingly consign the district to low expectations. But students here appear to be learning faster than those in almost every other school system in the country, according to new data from researchers at Stanford.

The data, based on some 300 million elementary-school test scores across more than 11,000 school districts, tweaks conventional wisdom in many ways. Some urban and Southern districts are doing better than data typically suggests. Some wealthy ones don’t look that effective. Many poor school systems do.

This picture, and Chicago’s place in it, defy how we typically think about wealth and education in America.
Can that basic claim really be true? Are kids in Chicago really "learning faster than those in almost every other school system in the country?" Has a new study from Stanford actually shown such a thing?

To some extent, it all depends on what the meaning of "learning faster than those in almost every other school system in the country" is. As they continue, the reporters explain what they mean:
BADGER (continuing directly): It’s true that children in prosperous districts tend to test well, while children in poorer districts on average score lower. But in this analysis, which measures how scores grow as student cohorts move through school, the Stanford researcher Sean Reardon argues that it’s possible to separate some of the advantages of socioeconomics from what’s actually happening in schools.

In Chicago, third graders collectively test below the second-grade level on reading and math. But this data shows that over the next five years, they receive the equivalent of six years of education. By the eighth grade, their scores have nearly caught up to the national average.
As it turns out, kids in Chicago are learning so fast that, by the end of eighth grade, they're almost scoring at the national average! It would be easy to mock this formulation. On the whole, that might be a mistake.

Badger and Quealy are reporting a study by Professor Sean Reardon, whose work we've cited many times in the past. The reporters say his study shows the following:

When they're tested in third grade, Chicago's kids are performing below second-grade level. But five years later, by the time they're tested in the eighth grade, they've made up a lot of ground.

By the end of eighth grade, those same Chicago students are scoring near the national average, though they haven't quite reached it yet. According to Reardon's data, they've gained six year of learning in five school years—one of the largest average amounts of growth Reardon can find in any school system in the country.

Is that what Reardon's study says? You're asking a sensible question.

Perhaps more significantly, does Reardon's study make sense? For popular journalistic purposes, we're not sure it does.

At least as described by Badger and Quealy, the study has some obvious shortcomings. Meanwhile, for popular journalistic purposes, it's possible to demonstrate an important fact—Chicago's schools seem to be performing quite well as compared to those in other big cities—in ways which are much more straightforward.

In the next few days, we'll present basic, straightforward data about the way Chicago's students are performing in reading and math by the end of eighth grade. In particular, we'll show you how Chicago's black and Hispanic eighth graderss are performing in reading and math.

Spoiler alert:

When compared to their counterparts in comparable cities, Chicago's "minority" and low-income kids seem to be doing well. That said, Chicago's black and Hispanic kids may not be doing nearly as well as the Times report may seem to suggest. And then there's the case of those beautiful, smiling kids in that photograph and the particular school they attend.

That photograph shows you only six children. They attend only one school in a very large city school system.

Still, that photograph establishes the tone and the feel of this whole report. Beneath the photo of those children, this upbeat caption appears:
Students in gym class at Mildred I. Lavizzo Elementary School in Chicago. “Whatever kids come in here, we know we can grow them,” the school’s principal, Tracey Stelly, says.
Before subscribers read a single word of the Times report, they're offered that upbeat caption.

In that caption, Stelly is cast as the highly confident, upbeat principal, a standard figure in this type of report. In the past, we've found that you can't necessarily believe these highly confident persons!

Toward the end of their report, Badger and Quealy visit Lavizzo Elementary, which they describe in glowing terms. That said, it's very hard to match their description to the picture painted in this depressing official report—in Lavizzo Elementary's official "Illinois State Report Card."

Glowing descriptions of floundering schools? This is one of the journalistic horses we rode in on, more than four decades ago.

Such descriptions have been a weirdly standard part of these familiar reports. In the current circumstance, this seems to tell us more about New York Times journalism than about Chicago's very large school system.

Have Chicago's students registered very large gains in reading and math—among the largest in the country? To some extent, it may depend on how you slice and dice it.

As the week proceeds, we'll show you basic, straightforward data about the city's eighth graders as of the spring of last year. We'll also ponder Lavizzo Elementary School—and our nation's upper-end journalism.

Tomorrow: Chicago's important eighth-graders in the spring of last year

Who is the Chicago Public Schools: Let's establish a bit of background information. The leading authority on Chicago's schools offers this overview:
Chicago Public Schools (CPS), officially classified as City of Chicago School District #299 for funding and districting reasons, in Chicago, Illinois, is the third largest school district in the U.S....For the 2014–2015 school year, CPS reported overseeing 660 schools, including 484 elementary schools and 176 high schools; of which 517 were district-run, 130 were charter schools, 11 were contract schools and 2 were SAFE schools. The district serves over 396,000 students.
As of 2015, there were almost 500 public elementary schools in the Windy City.

Six of Chicago's beautiful children were shown in that New York Times photograph. Out of all the elementary schools in all the neighborhoods in all parts of their sprawling city, our nation's most influential newspaper decided to walk into theirs!

44 comments:

  1. "Are kids in Chicago really "learning faster than those in almost every other school system in the country?""

    Oh, most certainly, Bob. Learning to dodge bullets.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. And yet, he's a billionaire and President of the US, whereas you're a blog troll.

      Delete
    2. Yes, and he has no shame.

      Delete
    3. Nah, not a troll. Dembot spammer; aspiring troll, at most.

      Delete
    4. " ... he's a billionaire ...."

      BWAHAHAHAHA!

      Delete
    5. " ... he's a billionaire ...."

      BWAHAHAHAHA!

      Give him time, he's only been in office 14 mionths.

      Mor3e good news for the economically anxious fellas down at the ol' Moose Lodge.


      Jared Kushner's real estate startup is seeking a $100 million investment from a Saudi-backed fund

      Business or personal or American foreign policy?

      With the Donny the Chickenshit Coward family, it's all the same thing.

      Delete
    6. This one should be cross-filed in both the "drain the swamp" files and the "totally transparent" files.


      *****************************
      Maggie Haberman‏Verified account @maggieNYT · 7m7 minutes ago


      Ivanka Trump is leading a call on a WH event on sports tomorrow. First question is related to her business trademarks in China. WH aide on call declines to answer and redirects. A few q’s later, aide says Ivanka Trump had to go to another meeting.
      ***********************

      The Trump crime family - chips off the ol' block - they're all a bunch of fucking cowards.

      Delete
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  2. "Out of all the elementary schools in all the neighborhoods in all parts of their sprawling city, our nation's most influential newspaper decided to walk into theirs!"

    Why is this an issue? They had to walk into someone's class and the pictures are of generic kids. Upbeat, optimistic principals are standard because that is their job -- to instill hope and encourage children and teachers to do their best every day. Their job is to motivate people. Upbeat and optimistic is motivating.

    Posts like this one are not particularly motivating. I get the feeling that no matter what statistics a reporter focuses upon, it will be damned if you do and damned if you don't for Somerby. If kids start out with a disadvantage, it is surely good news that they catch up over time. If minority children still lag behind, that is not good news, but what is to be done about this? Again, Somerby has no suggestions.

    If Somerby were a stone cold racist and he wanted to prove that minorities are inferior to whites, he couldn't do a better job of presenting supporting statistics than he does day in and day out on this blog. But he calls himself a liberal, so hey, he is presenting this bad news to encourage us to hold schools accountable, or what is his purpose with all this? To show that no matter how you present stats, those gaps persist? But to what end, when he never, ever talks about solutions. Is that upbeat, optimistic principal doing something wrong? Somerby vaguely suggests yes, but doesn't say exactly what, except she let kids be in a photo and said something vaguely upbeat about her school.

    Calling kids beautiful doesn't prove you care about them. Trump showed that. It is one of his favorite words, used inappropriately to talk about the beautiful young lives of his middle aged staff destroyed by Mueller. These beautiful kids deserve something more than Somerby's endless carping and test scores. I don't think we've ever had the discussion about whether such scores actually measure anything meaningful about their prospects in life.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. The funny thing is that Bob truly is a hopeless liberal Boomer. He'll go to his grave thinking we can make chicken salad from chicken shit.

      But sadly, negroes are broadly ineducable.

      Delete
    2. 1:28,
      You don't make chicken salad from chicken shits. You make Republican politicians from chicken shits like President Bonespurs and GWB's Vice President "Five Deferrals".

      Delete
    3. Hey waylon, why don't you have a heart-to-heart with this Other @ 1:28 and show us all how love and humility will turn the tide.

      Delete
    4. That's what I thought, waylon - all hat and no cattle.

      Delete
  3. Chicago public schools have always been at a disadvantage because the funding for the city's schools is controlled by the State legislature, not by the mayor of Chicago. This means the schools budget has always been a political football used by the governor to exert pressure on the mayor. To complicate matters, the mayor of Chicago is always a Democrat while the governor is nearly always Republican. The kids are caught in the middle. That's why many parents put their kids in private schools, if they can afford it. That introduces a selection bias when considering statistics for the remaining kids. This is context for the numbers Somerby thinks are meaningful on face value. Somerby never considers context though. Not sure why, but it is one consequences of studying philosophy at Harvard, instead of social science, or even education, or statistics.

    ReplyDelete
  4. Heaven forbid the people of Chicago should feel any pride in their schools or their kids. Beautiful or not. Looks aren't everything.

    ReplyDelete
  5. "Glowing descriptions of floundering schools?"

    That's not quite an accurate description of the news report. It does not focus on Lavizzo Elementary. The main point at issue is this, quoted from the article:

    " Educators have long debated whether it’s better to evaluate students and schools on proficiency levels or growth rates. "

    The reason why this is an issue?

    "states that rate schools and select which ones to reward or shutter based on average test scores are using the wrong metric, Mr. Reardon argues. And so are parents who rely on publicly available test scores to identify what they believe are the best school districts "

    “Most people think there’s some signal in that,” Mr. Reardon, a professor of education, said of average test scores. “But it’s a pretty bad signal.”

    Standardized tests, he acknowledges, are an incomplete measure of educational success, and some places like the state of Massachusetts have tried to include measures of growth in evaluating teachers and schools because of the limitations that Mr. Reardon points to."

    As far as this being a "glowing" report, the reporters are echoing Reardon when he says:

    "Here’s the third-biggest school system in the country that’s dramatically outperforming not just the other big poor districts, but almost every district in the country, at scale,”

    And the report also states, echoing Somerby's concerns, (one would think):

    "Mr. Reardon’s data shows that every demographic group within the district is growing at rates well above the national average, with Hispanic students outpacing whites. But while growth is broadly distributed, the pattern in Chicago and across the country means that black-white achievement gaps aren’t narrowing much even in the districts with the strongest growth."

    Much of this seems to track fairly well with what Somerby has been saying previously, so his rather dismissive criticism of the article is puzzling. But he omits these parts of the story.

    As far as the gratuitous swipe at Lavizzo's "confident" principal, the principal also said this:

    "When kids come in the building, they know, ‘This is where I belong.’ ”

    ReplyDelete
  6. "Emily Badger and Kevin Quealy. Neither is an education specialist."

    Since when does that matter? You're no education specialist, Bob, but that doesn't stop you from writing about education, nor from mocking education specialists.

    ReplyDelete
  7. The main point of the Times article is to report the opinion voiced by Reardon and others, that using test scores as the sole criterion for either keeping schools open or shutting them down is wrong, and can be harmful to kids at schools like Lavizzo, with low test scores but significant growth rates. Thus, the main idea is supportive of schools, and opposes the sometimes single-minded approach of shuttering certain schools based on some narrow set of parameters.

    And yet, Somerby takes the authors to task for their "glowing" report of "foundering" schools.

    Is Lavizzo worth saving? More importantly, are the kids at Lavizzo worth saving?

    ReplyDelete
  8. David, if Mr Trump gets a subpeona, on what legal grounds would he refuse to testify?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. He could inform Mueller that he would take the 5th Amendment in response to every question.

      Delete
    2. I'm not a lawyer, but it's my understanding that it OK to refuse to answer if your lawyer opines that answering the question would risk self-incrimination. So, all Trump needs is a lawyer who would give him that advice.

      It would then come down to a public relations battle. An article in CNN (who hate Trump) suggests that Trump is winning that battle.

      Trump is winning his effort to demonize Mueller
      https://www.cnn.com/2018/05/29/politics/donald-trump-robert-mueller-demonize/index.html

      Delete
    3. Fuck the country, right David, you treasonous bastard. It's almost like you don't give a shit that the questions surround collusion with a foreign government. It's almost like Donny the Chickenshit doesn't give a shit also.

      Delete
    4. Go ask the psycho-witch about her collusion with limeys for concocting the slanderous 'dossier'.

      Delete
    5. Secretary Clinton would be happy to answer any questions you have, fuckface. Unlike Donny the Chickenshit Coward Traitor.

      Delete
    6. TFTL, dear.

      Delete
    7. "It would then come down to a public relations battle."

      Then Trump will win, because Republicans are HUGE supporters of treason and fascism.

      Delete
    8. "I'm not a lawyer ...."

      You're probably not even a retired actuary.

      Delete
    9. "An article in CNN (who hate Trump) suggests that Trump is winning that battle."

      From CNN:

      "It's Donald Trump's mantra about the Russia investigation, and it's working, for now."

      and

      "In large part, he's winning it because he's the only one arguing right now."

      How's the cherry crop this year? I'm sure cherrypicking beats counting beans.

      Delete
    10. mm, For god's sake, stop replying to moral idiots like DAinCA lest people fail to tell the difference. Let's hope DAinCA plays a better retired actuary on the internet than he does a non-lawyer. Nobody, including Trump, has the legal right to ignore a subpoena. Everybody, including Trump, having complied with a subpoena may refuse to answer questions on the grounds that the answers may tend to be incriminating. No lawyer is required; no criminal culpability is required; and no judgment other than the witness' own.

      Delete
    11. Yeah, mm. That's deadrat's job.

      Delete
    12. "Fuck the country, right David, you treasonous bastard."

      In David's defense, I don't think he cares for Trump's treason, but he feels he needs to defend Trump anyway, because Trump's bigotry gives him* the warm and fuzzies.

      *and most Trump fans.

      Delete
  9. If Chris and Rachel would just talk about achievement gaps instead of the grave danger to our nation posed by Trump, they might be able to sway that massive bloc of Trump voters who care deeply about achievement gaps to vote Democrstic.

    ReplyDelete
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  18. What more can i say about this great man. Firstly Dr, I will want to say a very big thank you to you and i say to you that you are truly the best spell caster in the world as your name Dr Kuq Ya means the best / greatest spell caster in the world as now that you have really helped me get back my husband that almost ended our marriage and my Job back. To you all out there that seek for the help of a reliable spell caster, Dr Kuq Ya is the best online and he is a trustworthy spell caster that will tell you the truth and he don't lie as he has proven it to be true to several people and in various countries. As the bad comments about him online is from the bad people / customers that has contacted him and do not want to follow what he has asked them to do. Do you need your ex-back, Do your need to win a lottery, Do you need to get your Job back or a new Job, and do you need to be financially stable, Oh what ever you need in life he can get it done for you as i can not really start mentioning the capability of this great and powerful spell caster online that brought Joy and happiness to me that was introduce to me by my friend called Pena, Because he is just too reliable and too much to talk about. Are you depressed and don't know what to do anymore because of the situation you have found yourself in life or have you been ripped off by those fake spell caster online that ripped my friend out of $7000 dollars before he meant with Dr Kuq Ya that restored back her marriage? Kindly send your email to the following email address to get solutions to any problem you find yourself.: great.spellcaster@yahoo.com and get your problem solved without fail.

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  19. Hello,

    I'm Dr Ogudugu, a real and genuine spell caster/Spiritual healer with years of experience in spell casting and an expert in all spells, i specialize exclusively in LOVE SPELL/GET REUNITE WITH EX LOVER, MONEY SPELL, POWERFUL MAGIC RING, ANY COURT CASES, FRUIT OF THE WOMB, HIV CURE, CURE FOR CANCER, HERPES, DIABETE, HERPERTITIS B, PARKINSON’S HERBAL CURE, BECOMING A MERMAID, BECOMING A VAMPIRE, SAVE CHILD BIRTH. They are all %100 Guaranteed QUICK Results, it most work. If you have any problem and you need a real and genuine spell caster to solve your problems, contact me now through my personal Email Address with problem case...Note-you can also Text/Call on WhatsApp.

    Contact me -
    Email: greatogudugu@gmail.com
    WhatsApp No: +27663492930

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